Outer Istanbul

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Monks build things in out of the way places: mountains, islands, cliffs and suchlike. This means that not all of the Byzantine churches were in the centre. The islands in the Marmara were festooned with anchorites and their ramshackle structures. Sometimes these developed into monasteries with the resources to construct building that would last.

Chalcedon, the modern Kadıköy, was there before Byzantium. Major Christian events were the Council of Chalcedon and the Martyrdom of St Euphemia.

The European shore of the Sea of Marmara was the site of the Via Egnatia, the road for emperors to return in triumph from successful campaigns, at least in the early stages of the empire. The remains of Hebdemon, Rhegium and what may be Bathonea dot the path of these celebratory processions. Out towards the Anastasian walls on the edge of Istanbul province are the churches of Evcik and Silivri, along with the cliff monastery of İnceğiz.

1. Hebdomon/Bakırköy

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2. Yeşilköy /Ayastefanos

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3. Adalar/Princes’ Islands

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4. The Monastery of Tuzla

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5. The Monastery of Pendik

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6. Küçükyalı Archaeological Site/Church of the Palace of Bryas/Monastery of Satyros

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7. Merdivenköy

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8. Church of St Euphemia, Kadıköy

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9. Küçükçekmece/Rhegium/Rhegion

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10. Bathonea

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11. Yarımburgaz

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12. Church of St Glykeria, Koç Adası, İncirli Adası, Tuzla

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13. Church of St George, Evcik

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14. Cave Monastery, İnceğiz

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15. Church of Alexios Apokaukos, Silivri

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